metal does block fm radio

>
> Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a portable
> radio
> with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then it was
> blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped it
> around
> it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a wire
> mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is just so
> odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but these
> same
> frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy. Someone
> said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that my body
> didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From a
> scientific pov this is nuts.
>
> --
> Paul Coffman
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>

>
> The frequencies must be a little different. And FM is not pulsed at all,
> the carrier just wiggles its frequency. I don't like to call the pulse
> effects
> information, although if we knew exactly what transduction systems were
> being affected I might feel different about that.
>
>
> On 10/21/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a portable
> > radio
> > with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then it was
> > blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped it
> > around
> > it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a wire
> > mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is just
> so
> > odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but these
> > same
> > frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy.
> Someone
> > said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that my
> body
> > didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From a
> > scientific pov this is nuts.
> >
> > --
> > Paul Coffman
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>

>
> Here's the descriptions from wikipedia of the 2 things they have at the
> airport: ILS and VOR. Doesn't anything in these explanations stand out to
> you as being particularly problematic, moreso that a normal fm radio wave?
> For the ILS, I live near a small regional airport, so the beam is NOT
> locallized to allow for a backcourse, which means I am exposed to it:
>
> ILS:
>
> A localizer (LOC, or LLZ in Europe)
> antenna<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_%28radio%29>
> array <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array> is normally located
> beyond
> the departure end of the runway and generally consists of several pairs of
> directional antennas. Two signals are transmitted on a carrier
> frequency<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_frequency>between
> 108.10 MHz and 111.975 MHz. One is
> modulated<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation>at 90 Hz,
> the other at 150 Hz and these are transmitted from separate but
> co-located antennas. Each antenna transmits a fairly narrow beam, one
> slightly to the left of the runway centerline, the other to the right.
>
> In addition to the previously mentioned navigational signals, the
> localizer
> provides for ILS facility identification by periodically transmitting a
> 1020
> Hz morse code <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code> identification
> signal. For example, the ILS for runway 04R at John F. Kennedy
> International
> Airport <
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport
> >transmits
> IJFK to identify itself to users whereas runway 04L is known as
> IHIQ. This lets users know the facility is operating normally and that
> they
> are tuned to the correct ILS. The glideslope transmits no identification
> signal and therefore airborne ILS equipment relies on the localizer for
> identification.
>
> Modern localizer antennas are highly
> directional<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_antenna>.
> However, usage of older, less directional antennas allows a runway to have
> a
> non-precision approach called a localizer back course. This lets aircraft
> land using the signal transmitted from the back of the localizer array.
> This
> signal is reverse sensing so a pilot may have to fly opposite the needle
> indication (depending on the equipment installed in the aircraft). Highly
> directional antennas do not provide a sufficient signal to support a
> backcourse. In the United States, backcourse approaches are commonly
> associated with Category I systems at smaller airports that do not have an
> ILS on both ends of the primary runway.
>
> VOR:
>
> VORs are assigned radio channels between 108.0 MHz (megahertz) and 117.95MHz
> (with 50 kHz spacing); this is in the VHF (very high frequency) range.
>
> The VOR system uses the phase relationship between a reference-phase and a
> rotating-phase signal to encode direction. The carrier signal is
> omni-directional and contains the amplitude modulated (AM) station Morse
> code or voice identifier. The reference 30 Hz signal is frequency
> modulated
> (FM) on a 9960 Hz sub-carrier. A second, amplitude modulated (AM) 30 Hz
> signal is derived from the rotation of a directional antenna array 30
> times
> a second. Although older antennas were mechanically rotated, current
> installations are scanned electronically to achieve the same result with
> no
> moving parts. When the signal is received in the aircraft, the FM signal
> is
> decoded from the sub carrier and the frequency extracted. The two 30 Hz
> signals are then compared to determine the phase angle between them. The
> phase angle is equal to the direction from the station to the airplane, in
> degrees from local magnetic north, and is called the "radial."
>
> On 10/21/07, Bill Bruno <[hidden email] <wbruno%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > The frequencies must be a little different. And FM is not pulsed at all,
> > the carrier just wiggles its frequency. I don't like to call the pulse
> > effects
> > information, although if we knew exactly what transduction systems were
> > being affected I might feel different about that.
> >
> >
> > On 10/21/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > >
> > > Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a portable
> > > radio
> > > with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then it
> was
> > > blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped it
> > > around
> > > it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a
> wire
> > > mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is just
> > so
> > > odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but
> these
> > > same
> > > frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy.
> > Someone
> > > said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that my
> > body
> > > didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From a
> > > scientific pov this is nuts.
> > >
> > > --
> > > Paul Coffman
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> --
> Paul Coffman
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>

>
> Here's the descriptions from wikipedia of the 2 things they have at the
> airport: ILS and VOR. Doesn't anything in these explanations stand out to
> you as being particularly problematic, moreso that a normal fm radio wave?
> For the ILS, I live near a small regional airport, so the beam is NOT
> locallized to allow for a backcourse, which means I am exposed to it:
>
> ILS:
>
> A localizer (LOC, or LLZ in Europe)
> antenna<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_%28radio%29>
> array <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array> is normally located
> beyond
> the departure end of the runway and generally consists of several pairs of
> directional antennas. Two signals are transmitted on a carrier
> frequency<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_frequency>between
> 108.10 MHz and 111.975 MHz. One is
> modulated<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation>at 90 Hz,
> the other at 150 Hz and these are transmitted from separate but
> co-located antennas. Each antenna transmits a fairly narrow beam, one
> slightly to the left of the runway centerline, the other to the right.
>
> In addition to the previously mentioned navigational signals, the
> localizer
> provides for ILS facility identification by periodically transmitting a
> 1020
> Hz morse code <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code> identification
> signal. For example, the ILS for runway 04R at John F. Kennedy
> International
> Airport <
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport
> >transmits
> IJFK to identify itself to users whereas runway 04L is known as
> IHIQ. This lets users know the facility is operating normally and that
> they
> are tuned to the correct ILS. The glideslope transmits no identification
> signal and therefore airborne ILS equipment relies on the localizer for
> identification.
>
> Modern localizer antennas are highly
> directional<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_antenna>.
> However, usage of older, less directional antennas allows a runway to have
> a
> non-precision approach called a localizer back course. This lets aircraft
> land using the signal transmitted from the back of the localizer array.
> This
> signal is reverse sensing so a pilot may have to fly opposite the needle
> indication (depending on the equipment installed in the aircraft). Highly
> directional antennas do not provide a sufficient signal to support a
> backcourse. In the United States, backcourse approaches are commonly
> associated with Category I systems at smaller airports that do not have an
> ILS on both ends of the primary runway.
>
> VOR:
>
> VORs are assigned radio channels between 108.0 MHz (megahertz) and 117.95MHz
> (with 50 kHz spacing); this is in the VHF (very high frequency) range.
>
> The VOR system uses the phase relationship between a reference-phase and a
> rotating-phase signal to encode direction. The carrier signal is
> omni-directional and contains the amplitude modulated (AM) station Morse
> code or voice identifier. The reference 30 Hz signal is frequency
> modulated
> (FM) on a 9960 Hz sub-carrier. A second, amplitude modulated (AM) 30 Hz
> signal is derived from the rotation of a directional antenna array 30
> times
> a second. Although older antennas were mechanically rotated, current
> installations are scanned electronically to achieve the same result with
> no
> moving parts. When the signal is received in the aircraft, the FM signal
> is
> decoded from the sub carrier and the frequency extracted. The two 30 Hz
> signals are then compared to determine the phase angle between them. The
> phase angle is equal to the direction from the station to the airplane, in
> degrees from local magnetic north, and is called the "radial."
>
> On 10/21/07, Bill Bruno <[hidden email] <wbruno%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > The frequencies must be a little different. And FM is not pulsed at all,
> > the carrier just wiggles its frequency. I don't like to call the pulse
> > effects
> > information, although if we knew exactly what transduction systems were
> > being affected I might feel different about that.
> >
> >
> > On 10/21/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > >
> > > Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a portable
> > > radio
> > > with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then it
> was
> > > blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped it
> > > around
> > > it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a
> wire
> > > mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is just
> > so
> > > odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but
> these
> > > same
> > > frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy.
> > Someone
> > > said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that my
> > body
> > > didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From a
> > > scientific pov this is nuts.
> > >
> > > --
> > > Paul Coffman
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> --
> Paul Coffman
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>

>
> Thanks for the info! In both cases there's AM modulation, and the
> carrier
> is much higher than AM radio.
>
> Do you have info on the power of these signals? (Or the power of the
> transmitter and the antenna gain for the directional ones?)
>
> These are frequencies where the human body could be an antenna.
> If your body is just the right size for a given frequency, maybe
> that's the issue?
>
> Whether or not you are grounded could change your resonant frequency.
>
> Another thing we have not considered is polarization. I assume most
> broadcast stuff is vertically polarized. I would guess the same would
> be true of these airport signals but perhaps not. If you're lying down
> polarization may matter. Try sleeping so your head or feet are toward
> the airport, and keeping away metal stuff that will reflect the signal.
>
> Bill
>
> On 10/22/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > Here's the descriptions from wikipedia of the 2 things they have at the
> > airport: ILS and VOR. Doesn't anything in these explanations stand out
> to
> > you as being particularly problematic, moreso that a normal fm radio
> wave?
> > For the ILS, I live near a small regional airport, so the beam is NOT
> > locallized to allow for a backcourse, which means I am exposed to it:
> >
> > ILS:
> >
> > A localizer (LOC, or LLZ in Europe)
> > antenna<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_%28radio%29>
> > array <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array> is normally located
> > beyond
> > the departure end of the runway and generally consists of several pairs
> of
> > directional antennas. Two signals are transmitted on a carrier
> > frequency<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_frequency>between
> > 108.10 MHz and 111.975 MHz. One is
> > modulated<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation>at 90 Hz,
> > the other at 150 Hz and these are transmitted from separate but
> > co-located antennas. Each antenna transmits a fairly narrow beam, one
> > slightly to the left of the runway centerline, the other to the right.
> >
> > In addition to the previously mentioned navigational signals, the
> > localizer
> > provides for ILS facility identification by periodically transmitting a
> > 1020
> > Hz morse code <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code> identification
> > signal. For example, the ILS for runway 04R at John F. Kennedy
> > International
> > Airport <
> > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport
> > >transmits
> > IJFK to identify itself to users whereas runway 04L is known as
> > IHIQ. This lets users know the facility is operating normally and that
> > they
> > are tuned to the correct ILS. The glideslope transmits no identification
> > signal and therefore airborne ILS equipment relies on the localizer for
> > identification.
> >
> > Modern localizer antennas are highly
> > directional<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_antenna>.
>
> > However, usage of older, less directional antennas allows a runway to
> have
> > a
> > non-precision approach called a localizer back course. This lets
> aircraft
> > land using the signal transmitted from the back of the localizer array.
> > This
> > signal is reverse sensing so a pilot may have to fly opposite the needle
> > indication (depending on the equipment installed in the aircraft).
> Highly
> > directional antennas do not provide a sufficient signal to support a
> > backcourse. In the United States, backcourse approaches are commonly
> > associated with Category I systems at smaller airports that do not have
> an
> > ILS on both ends of the primary runway.
> >
> > VOR:
> >
> > VORs are assigned radio channels between 108.0 MHz (megahertz) and
> 117.95MHz
> > (with 50 kHz spacing); this is in the VHF (very high frequency) range.
> >
> > The VOR system uses the phase relationship between a reference-phase and
> a
> > rotating-phase signal to encode direction. The carrier signal is
> > omni-directional and contains the amplitude modulated (AM) station Morse
> > code or voice identifier. The reference 30 Hz signal is frequency
> > modulated
> > (FM) on a 9960 Hz sub-carrier. A second, amplitude modulated (AM) 30 Hz
> > signal is derived from the rotation of a directional antenna array 30
> > times
> > a second. Although older antennas were mechanically rotated, current
> > installations are scanned electronically to achieve the same result with
> > no
> > moving parts. When the signal is received in the aircraft, the FM signal
> > is
> > decoded from the sub carrier and the frequency extracted. The two 30 Hz
> > signals are then compared to determine the phase angle between them. The
> > phase angle is equal to the direction from the station to the airplane,
> in
> > degrees from local magnetic north, and is called the "radial."
> >
> > On 10/21/07, Bill Bruno <[hidden email] <wbruno%40gmail.com><wbruno%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > >
> > > The frequencies must be a little different. And FM is not pulsed at
> all,
> > > the carrier just wiggles its frequency. I don't like to call the pulse
> > > effects
> > > information, although if we knew exactly what transduction systems
> were
> > > being affected I might feel different about that.
> > >
> > >
> > > On 10/21/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%
> 40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a portable
> > > > radio
> > > > with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then it
> > was
> > > > blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped it
> > > > around
> > > > it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a
> > wire
> > > > mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is
> just
> > > so
> > > > odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but
> > these
> > > > same
> > > > frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy.
> > > Someone
> > > > said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that
> my
> > > body
> > > > didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From a
> > > > scientific pov this is nuts.
> > > >
> > > > --
> > > > Paul Coffman
> > > >
> > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > --
> > Paul Coffman
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>

>
> The power is pretty low - under 50 watts for both I think. I am 6'4" and
> weigh 230 lbs. When I sleep my feet are toward the airport. I have been
> doing some more looking and am close to getting the materials for slapping
> together a screen enclosure around my bed. Do I really have to block ALL
> the rf to get some relief? My understanding is they are individual
> photons,
> and if say 85% of the the photons interact with my screen instead of me
> then
> i'm only getting 15% of the problem. Is my logic correct? Thanks.
>
> On 10/22/07, Bill Bruno <[hidden email] <wbruno%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > Thanks for the info! In both cases there's AM modulation, and the
> > carrier
> > is much higher than AM radio.
> >
> > Do you have info on the power of these signals? (Or the power of the
> > transmitter and the antenna gain for the directional ones?)
> >
> > These are frequencies where the human body could be an antenna.
> > If your body is just the right size for a given frequency, maybe
> > that's the issue?
> >
> > Whether or not you are grounded could change your resonant frequency.
> >
> > Another thing we have not considered is polarization. I assume most
> > broadcast stuff is vertically polarized. I would guess the same would
> > be true of these airport signals but perhaps not. If you're lying down
> > polarization may matter. Try sleeping so your head or feet are toward
> > the airport, and keeping away metal stuff that will reflect the signal.
> >
> > Bill
> >
> > On 10/22/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > >
> > > Here's the descriptions from wikipedia of the 2 things they have at
> the
> > > airport: ILS and VOR. Doesn't anything in these explanations stand out
> > to
> > > you as being particularly problematic, moreso that a normal fm radio
> > wave?
> > > For the ILS, I live near a small regional airport, so the beam is NOT
> > > locallized to allow for a backcourse, which means I am exposed to it:
> > >
> > > ILS:
> > >
> > > A localizer (LOC, or LLZ in Europe)
> > > antenna<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_%28radio%29>
> > > array <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array> is normally located
> > > beyond
> > > the departure end of the runway and generally consists of several
> pairs
> > of
> > > directional antennas. Two signals are transmitted on a carrier
> > > frequency<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_frequency>between
> > > 108.10 MHz and 111.975 MHz. One is
> > > modulated<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation>at 90 Hz,
> > > the other at 150 Hz and these are transmitted from separate but
> > > co-located antennas. Each antenna transmits a fairly narrow beam, one
> > > slightly to the left of the runway centerline, the other to the right.
> > >
> > > In addition to the previously mentioned navigational signals, the
> > > localizer
> > > provides for ILS facility identification by periodically transmitting
> a
> > > 1020
> > > Hz morse code <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code> identification
> > > signal. For example, the ILS for runway 04R at John F. Kennedy
> > > International
> > > Airport <
> > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport
> > > >transmits
> > > IJFK to identify itself to users whereas runway 04L is known as
> > > IHIQ. This lets users know the facility is operating normally and that
> > > they
> > > are tuned to the correct ILS. The glideslope transmits no
> identification
> > > signal and therefore airborne ILS equipment relies on the localizer
> for
> > > identification.
> > >
> > > Modern localizer antennas are highly
> > > directional<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_antenna>.
> >
> > > However, usage of older, less directional antennas allows a runway to
> > have
> > > a
> > > non-precision approach called a localizer back course. This lets
> > aircraft
> > > land using the signal transmitted from the back of the localizer
> array.
> > > This
> > > signal is reverse sensing so a pilot may have to fly opposite the
> needle
> > > indication (depending on the equipment installed in the aircraft).
> > Highly
> > > directional antennas do not provide a sufficient signal to support a
> > > backcourse. In the United States, backcourse approaches are commonly
> > > associated with Category I systems at smaller airports that do not
> have
> > an
> > > ILS on both ends of the primary runway.
> > >
> > > VOR:
> > >
> > > VORs are assigned radio channels between 108.0 MHz (megahertz) and
> > 117.95MHz
> > > (with 50 kHz spacing); this is in the VHF (very high frequency) range.
> > >
> > > The VOR system uses the phase relationship between a reference-phase
> and
> > a
> > > rotating-phase signal to encode direction. The carrier signal is
> > > omni-directional and contains the amplitude modulated (AM) station
> Morse
> > > code or voice identifier. The reference 30 Hz signal is frequency
> > > modulated
> > > (FM) on a 9960 Hz sub-carrier. A second, amplitude modulated (AM) 30
> Hz
> > > signal is derived from the rotation of a directional antenna array 30
> > > times
> > > a second. Although older antennas were mechanically rotated, current
> > > installations are scanned electronically to achieve the same result
> with
> > > no
> > > moving parts. When the signal is received in the aircraft, the FM
> signal
> > > is
> > > decoded from the sub carrier and the frequency extracted. The two 30
> Hz
> > > signals are then compared to determine the phase angle between them.
> The
> > > phase angle is equal to the direction from the station to the
> airplane,
> > in
> > > degrees from local magnetic north, and is called the "radial."
> > >
> > > On 10/21/07, Bill Bruno <[hidden email] <wbruno%40gmail.com><wbruno%40gmail.com><wbruno%
> 40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > The frequencies must be a little different. And FM is not pulsed at
> > all,
> > > > the carrier just wiggles its frequency. I don't like to call the
> pulse
> > > > effects
> > > > information, although if we knew exactly what transduction systems
> > were
> > > > being affected I might feel different about that.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > On 10/21/07, Paul Coffman <[hidden email] <pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%40gmail.com><pkcoff%
> 40gmail.com><pkcoff%
> > 40gmail.com>> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Sorry, I wasn't testing this thing properly - I was using a
> portable
> > > > > radio
> > > > > with headphones, and when I put the headphone in the pot too then
> it
> > > was
> > > > > blocked. I also bought some aluminim screen wire mesh and wrapped
> it
> > > > > around
> > > > > it and it had the same effect. So then hypothetically if I build a
> > > wire
> > > > > mesh enclosure for my bed it should have the same effect. This is
> > just
> > > > so
> > > > > odd - if I drive up to FM radio towers i'm not bothered much, but
> > > these
> > > > > same
> > > > > frequenecies at much lower power from the airport drive me crazy.
> > > > Someone
> > > > > said (Charles?) that is was the INFORMATION in the radio wave that
> > my
> > > > body
> > > > > didnt' like - that's the only explanation I can come up with. From
> a
> > > > > scientific pov this is nuts.
> > > > >
> > > > > --
> > > > > Paul Coffman
> > > > >
> > > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > > --
> > > Paul Coffman
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> --
> Paul Coffman
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>